Internal-combustion engine.



T. W. HEERMANS. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1909.

980,946. Patented Jan. 10; 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

T. W HEERMANS. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIOTIOK FILED JYI'LY 19, 1909.

Patented Jan. 10, 1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

T. W. HEERMANS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1909.

980,946. Patented Jan. 10, 1911.

4 BHEETSSHEET a T. W. HEERMANS. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1909.

980, 946. 1 Patented Jan. 10,1911.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

6 76 L- J 7 w .57 65 Z 62 3 g f N v %7 g 1 I /20 106 6 i 67 21 5 62 i 21 I .1 ll 1 I F i $72 I 1 V Q 2 06 1a 1 1 0 p WZZSS 7760 1210 THADDEUS W. HEERMANS, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 10, 1911.

4 Application filed July 19, 1909. Serial No. 508,837.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, THADDEUS W. HEER- MARS, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Engines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to improvements in two-cycle internal combustion engines, and the invention consists in the matter hereinafter set forth and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Among the objects of the invention is to improve the construction and arrangement for admitting the constituents of the explosive mixture to the cylinder, in such a way that the engine may be economically operated on the two-cycle principle; to provide for the complete and effective scavenging of the cylinder after each power stroke of the engine, and for accurately and positively measuring the liquid fuel charge injected into the cylinder.

A further object of the invention is to provide means for heating the liquid fuel on its way to the pump so that it may be readily handled by the pump, and for also heating the liquid fuel on its way from the pump to the cylinder to supply the necessary heat for vaporizing the fuel as soon as it is admitted to the cylinder and pressure thereon is released.

A still further object of the invention is to provide for a through lubrication of the parts of the engine which are usually imperfectly lubricated. Other objects of the invention are to improve the general construction and arrangement of the engine in a manner to increase its efiiciency, and to render the parts requiring close attention readily accessible for renewal and repairs.

I have accomplished these results, in the engine shown, by employing a pump, preferably a plunger pump having a spring operated, adjustable head, that is actuated by i the engine, arranged to positively and accurately measure the volume of liquid fuel discharged into the cylinder, in combination with an inertia operated air inlet valve arranged to admit a large volume of fresh air into the cylinder before the injection of a new fuel charge by the ump. This is accomplished by so arranglng the suction ports in the barrel of the feed pump that they remain open until after the exhaust ports of the cylinder are closed by the piston, thus absolutely preventing fuel loss. The lubrication of the piston wrist pin and walls of the cylinder and piston is afforded by a special combination of the lubricating means and the inertia air inlet valve, the construction and arrangement being such that the infiowing air through the valved inlet carries the bricant ast the valve and to the interior of the cy inder and proper points for lubrication.

As shown in the drawings,Figure 1 is a view partially in side elevation and parpiston to the tially in section of an engine embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 1s a rear elevation thereof, with parts omitted. Fig. 3 is a vertical section in a plane at right angles to the crank shaft. Fig. 4 is an enlarged vertical section of the upper part of the engine, showing alsothe oil cup and asolene tank connected to the upper end 0 the cylinder extension in a manner to separately furnish a lubricant and a gasolene mixture to the cylinder. Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the upper end of the cylinder and piston, showing the piston at the end of its powerstroke. Fig. 6 is a horizontal section on line 66 of Fig. 4. Fig. 7 is a horizontal section on the line 77 of Fig. 4, looking upwardly.

As shown in the drawings 10 designates the engine cylinder, 11 the piston, 12 the crank case and 13 the crank shaft mounted in bearings in the walls of the crank case and provided at one end with a balance wheel 14. The crank of said shaft is connected by the usual connecting rod 17 with the wrist pin 18 of the trunk piston 12. The cylinder is provided at its u per end with an extension 20 in which sli es an extension 21 of the piston. The said cylinder extension 20 is shown as formed integral the larger diameter of the piston and its extension. The cylinder and piston extensions are open at the upper ends thereof and the piston extension is providedat its upper end, as herein shown, with an air inletvalve to control the supply of air, through the hollow piston, to the crank case;

25 designates a liquid fuel injecting nozzle extending into the outer end of the cylinder through which theliquid fuel is injected into the cylinder. The said nozzle 25 may be madeof any suitable construction and is provided with a needle valve 26 to control the flow of the liquid fuel therethrough. Said nozzle receives liquid fuel from a pump designated as a whole by.3l which is operated from the engine shaft and which will be hereinafter described. Liquid fuel is supplied to the pump thfough a pipe 32 and is heated in its passage to the pump in a heating device 32 (hereinafter to be described) located in a casing 33 which is connected to and receives the engine exhaust from the exhaust pipe 34 of the engine. The said exhaust pipe is connected with the usual annular exhaust chamber 35 which communicates with the cylinder through exhaust ports 36 that are uncovered by the piston in the usual manner at the time the iston reaches the end of its power stroke. aid heating device is connected by means of a pipe 38 with the pump 31 through which the fuel, partially heated, is delivered to the pump. The fuel is delivered from the pump through another pipe 39 to the heatmg device, whereby it is subjected to another heating operation which raises it to near its vaporizing point, and is conducted from thence to the nozzle 25 through 40 a pipe 40.

Referring now to the construction of the air inlet valve and the parts of the engine associated therewith, said parts are made as follows: The said piston extension 21 is pro- 5 vided just inside its outer end with a plurality of air inlet ports 45. Above and below said ports the piston extension is annularlygrooved to receive packing rings 46, 47 whlch engage thefn'nerwvall of the cylin- 5 der extension with a packing fit. Removably fitted to the upper end of the piston extension and comprising the upper wall of the upper packing grc ve, as herein shown is a horizontal rmg 49 which is provided with a depending, exteriorly screw-threaded annular flange 50 which has screw-threaded engagement with theopen end of the piston extension.

51 designates a flat or mushroom valve which opens downwardly and engages an annular seat formed on the lower end of the flange 50. ,The stem 52 of said valve extends upwardly through a guide sleeve forming part of spider arms integral with the 5 ring 49. A. spring 55 interposed between the ring 49 and a head 56 at the upper end of said stem serves to normally hold the valve ton moves upwardly and is held open under the combined influence of inertia'and the partial vacuum within the crank case (luring practically the entire upward or outward movement of the piston,'or during the time a charge of the explosive mixture is being compressed in the outer end of the cylinder, thereby admitting a full supply of fresh air to the crank case. On the next down or power stroke of the piston the valve is held closed by the pressure within the piston, and the charge of air is compressed in the crank case. This charge of air is delivered to the upper end of the-cylinder as soon as the ports 45 of the piston extension are broughtinto register with the cylinder ports 59 at the lower end of the cylinder extension. The ports 45 and 59, the former of which moves with the piston and the latter of which are stationary, constitute a valve for controlling the passage of air from the compression chamber directly to the cylinder. Before the air inlet ports have thus been brought into register, the piston has uncovered the exhaust ports 36 so that when air, under pressure, enters the upper end of the cylin; der, it completely scavenges the cylinder of the spent gases and furnishes the cylinder with fresh air to be mixed with the next charge of liquid fuel injected into the cylinde'r through the injecting device 25.

The manner in which the valve 51 is operated by its inertia to open the same when the piston moves upwardly will be made apparent from consideration of the fact that the valve is sustained against the seat by the relatively light pressure of its spring 55, so that when the piston is moved positively upwardly at the beginning of its upstroke, the inertia of the valve causes the seat carried by the piston extension to leave the valve, thereby opening the valve as soon as the piston begins to move upwardly. This effect continues on the valve throughout the upward stroke of the piston and is supplemented by the lower pressureon the under side thereof. This arrangement is especially desirable in engines working under high speed, inasmuch as the crank case or compression chamber is taking air throughout substantially the entire upward or compression stroke of the piston, or until the pressure onboth sides of the valve is equalized, thereby giving ample time for the crank case to receive a supply of air. The action of the valve is prompt and certain. A further advantage of this arrangement is that this highly desirable eifect is obtained without the use of valve actuating gear mechanism and its attendant. source of trouble and annoyance.

The cylinder extension maybe surrounded by a shield or jacket 60 attached to the cylinder in any suitable manner by means providing air inlets 61 at' the lower end thereof. Between the jacket and cylinder extension is afforded an air passage 62 through which the air passes on its way to the cylinder and in which it is heated before it enters the crank case. avoids contact of the hands of a person operating the engine with the hot cylinder extension wall, and is made of such non-heat retaining material, as copper or the like, as-

to avoid the acket becoming unduly heated.

In connection with. the inertia operated inlet valve constructed and arrangedas described I have provided means for admitting a lubricating'oil to the interior of the cylinder extension so as to lubricate the cylinder \valls and the wrist pin 18 of the piston. To this end the valve stem 53 is made hollow and the head 56 is provided with a flaring opening or recess at its top to receive a lubricating oil conducted thereto through a pipe 65 from an oil cup 66 supported as herein shown on the upper end of the shield or jacket 60, said pipe 65 being in vertical alinement with the hollow piston stem. stem through radial passages 67 at the lower end thereof onto the upper face of the'valve,

and the passage of the air over the valve assists in carrying the oil into the piston extension when the valve is open and distributes it through the ports 45 to the cylinder wall. 'A portion of the oil thus admitted passes, downwardly through the piston eX- tension and is caught by an annular gutter 69 formed in a spider 70 that is screwed into the lower end of the piston extension. The lubricant passes from said gutter through radial passe cs 71 into the passageof a centrally locate ollow nipple 72 that is located centrally over the bearing 73 of the wrist pin, thus providing means for effectively and directly lubricating the wrist pin bearing.

hen employing kerosene as the liquid fuel constituent of the explosive mixture, as the engine herein shown is designed, I may provide means associated with the inlet valve 51 for supplying gasolene to the engine to start and preliminarily operate the same until the engine partsare sufficiently heated to operate with kerosene. To this end I may deliver the gasolene through the hollow valve stem to the upper side of the valve 51 in the same manner. as

The said jacket The oil flows from the hollow valve employed for separately supplying the lubricant and gasolene. to the hollow valve stem.

Referring now to the construction of the pump for su plying the charges of liquid fuel to the cylinder, the same is shown most clearly in Fig. 1 and is made as follows. designates an oil chamber into which liquid, fuel-is delivered from the heater 32 through the pipe 38, said pipe communicating with a supply opening in the removable head or top wall 81 of said casing. 82 designates a barrel extending downwardly into the cas ing, and, as herein shown, is made integral with the casting forming the head of the casing. Said barrel is provided near its lower end with ports 83 through which the liquid fuel enters the barrel from the casing. A plunger 85 reciprocates in said barrel and is connected at its lower end to and'is operated by the crank 86 of a crank shaft 87 that extends through and is rotatively mounted in the walls of the casing 80. Said crank shaft is arranged at right angles to the main crank shaft and is geared thereto in the manner indicated in Fig. 1 to rotate at equal speeds with the main crank shaft.

The pump barrel 82 is provided with an extension 88 within which reciprocates a spring operated, adjustable head 89. Said head, in certain parts of the operation of the pump, bears at its lower end against the. upper end of the plunger 85 under the infl u ence of a spring 91 interposed between the head'and the top wall of the extension 88. A stem 92 extends upwardly from the head and through the top wall of theexte-nsion is provided at its upper'end with a stop shoulder 93 which limits the downward movement of the head under the action of its spring 91. The said stop 93, which may consist of one or more nuts screw-threaded to the stem, is adapted to engage an adjusting screwthreaded cap 95 that is screw-threaded to the upper end of the barrel extension in such manner that the range of movement of the head may be adjusted as desired. A similar adjustment might be effected by adjusting the nuts 93 on the stem and having themengage the end wall of the extension, but the arrangement shown will be usually preferred which communicates with the outlet port 97 of the pump that discharges into the pipe 39 leading to the heating device 32 As shown in Fig. 1 the plunger 85 is at the upper limit of its stroke, and in this position the upper end thereof is at the level of the release chamber 96 and the spring pressed head 89 is bearing upon said plunger. In the downward'movement of the plunger the head follows the same until the shoulder 93 of the stem engages the adjusting cap 95, whereupon the head is arrested and the plunger continues its downward movement and uncovers the ports 83 to admit the liquid fuel from the pump casing into the barrel.

In the next upward stroke of the plunger and after it has passed the uppermost ports 83, the head will begin to move upwardly therewith, due to the presence of the incompressible body of liquid between the head and the plunger, and said parts .will move upwardly until the lower end of the head reaches the level of the release chamber 96.

u Thereupon the liquid passes outwardly sure against which. the fuel is injected into the cylinder so that the head 89 does not rise beyond the chamber but remains in this position until the plunger rises into contact with the lower end thereof to force all the liquid fuel from the barrel except that within the chamber 96 and port 97 around the plunger and head.- The distance between the lower end of the arrested head and the upper series of ports 83 determines the quantity of oil to be delivered at each charge of the pump. The chargespf liquid fuel may thus be accurately determined and regulated to suit the requirements. In the event that the nozzle device be too closely throttled, or that it becomes clogged, thereby increasing the resistance against which the liquid fuel is forced from the pump, the spring 91 permits the head 89 to yield and thus avoid an undue stress being thrown on the pump. The plunger of the pump is so timed with respect to the stroke of the engine piston 11 that the exhaust ports 36 are covered before the liquid fuel is discharged from the pump so that there is no possibility of loss of the fuel by discharging it into the cylinder open at the exhaust ports.

Referring now to the construction and arrangement of the heater herein shown, the same is made as follows. 100 designates an extension of the exhaust pipe 34 within the casing 33, and 101 designates a short tube fitted within the exhaust pipe extension. The said inner tube is formed on its exterior surface with two sets of spiral pas; sages 102, 103, the latter of which receives at its upper end the liquid fuel from the supply pipe 32 and delivers it to pipe 39 connecting the heater with the pump, and the former of which receives at its lower end the fuel from the pump-31 and delivers it to the injector nozzle 40. The said pipes 32, 38 and 39, 40 extend through suitable openings in the casing and terminate at openings in the exhaust pipe extension 100 for communication with the spiral passages. In Fig. 3 is indicated-the manner in which the pipes 32 and 38 at one side of the casing communicate with the spiral passage 103. The pipes 39 and 10 are in a like manner connected to the spiral passage 102 at the other side of the casing. The preliminary heating of the fuel on its way to the pump puts the liquid fuel in a condition to be readily handled by the pump, and the increased temperature imparted thereto in its second passage through the heater on its way from the pump raises the fuel to the desired temperature for readily vaporizing the same upon its inje' cti'on against the heated surfaces within the cylinder.

In order that the walls of the heating device casing 33 may be kept suitably cool so as to' avoid the casing becoming so highly heated as to burn the hands of a person placed accidentally thereon, I may discharge or conduct the water from the water jacket space 106 surrounding the cylinder through a pipe 107 and through the top wall of said heater casing to flood the casing walls. The cooling water may be dis charged upon a spreader 108 located below the top wall of the casing in the path of the water entering the same, as illustrated in Fig. 3, which serves to direct the water against the vertical wall of the heater casing. The water and the exhaust gases are discharged from the heater casing through an outlet 109 which may be connected with a pipe for carrying the water to any suitable point of disposal.

Water is circulated through the cooling jacket of the engine through the medium of a rotary pump 12 operated by the secondary shaft 87, said pump being connected with the lower part of the cylinder water space by means of a pipe 113. The said shaft 87 1s shown as extending beyond the liquid fuel feed pump and this extension may carry the timing mechanism of the ignition device which is connected in any suitable or appropriate manner with the ignition plug 115.

It will be understood that the structural details of the engine described may be considerably varied within the scope of the claims hereto appended, and the invention is not restricted to such details except as hereinafter made the subject of specific claims.

In operating the engine as a gasolene engine gasolene and air may be admitted to 2. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and its crank case or compression chamber, of a hollow piston in said cylinder, means for delivering hydro-carbon fuel directly into the cylinder, an inertia-operated valve carried by the piston for admitting air through the hollow piston to the crank case 'or compression chamber, and a valve for controlling the passage of the air from the crank case to the cylinder."

3. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and its crank case or com ression chamber, of a hollow piston in. sai cylinder, means for delivering hydro-carbon fuel directly into the cylinder, an inertia operated, inwardly opening valve carried by the piston and spring held against its seat, for admitting air through the hollow piston to the crank case and a valve, carried in part by the piston for controlling the assage of air from the crank case to the cy inder.

fl. In a two-cycle internal combustion e11- glne, the comblnation with a cylinder and its crank case or compression chamber and means for injecting a liquid .fuel into the cylinder, of a hollow piston in said cylinder and an inertia operated valve carried by the piston for admitting the supply of air through the hollow piston to the crank case, said piston being provided with a port through which air under pressure is admitted from the crank case to the cylinder at the end of the power stroke of the piston and the cylinder being provided with an exhaust port which is uncovered by the piston.

5. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and its crank case or compression chamber and means for injecting a liquid fuel into the cylinder, of a hollow piston in said cylinder,

an inertia operated, inwardly openin valve carried by' the piston for admitting the supply of air through the hollow piston to the crank case and'a light spring tending to hold the valve against its seat, the piston being provided below said valve with a port through which air under pressure is admitted from the crank case to the outer end of the cylinder at the end of the power stroke of the piston and the cylinder being provided-with an exhaust port which is uncovered by the piston prior to the inlet of air there 6. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, a cylinder having means for admitting hydro-carbon fuel directly thereto a hollow piston in the cylinder provided at its outer end with a reduced extension and an inertia operated air inlet valve carried by the outer end of said extension, the piston being provided inside said valve with an air inlet port in open communication with the interior of the hollow iston.

7 In a two-cycle lnternal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder pro vided at its outer end with a reduced extension, and at its inner end with a compression chamber, of a hollow piston in the cylinder provided with a hollow extension reciprocating in the cylinder extension, means for admitting a liquid fuel into said cylinder and an inertia operated air inlet valve carried by the outer end of said piston extension, the piston being provided with a port to admit air therefrom to the cylinder and the cylinder being provided with an exhaust port controlled by the piston.

8. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder reduced at its outer end and provided at its inner end with a compression chamber and means for delivering hydro-carbon fuel directly into the cylinder of a hollow piston in said cylinder provided with an extension operating in said reduced end of the cylinder, said extension being provided inside its end with a port which communicates with the cylinder at the end of the power stroke of the piston and the cylinder being provided with an exhaust port controlled by the piston, and an inertia operated valve earned by the outer end of the piston extension for admitting air to the hollow piston.

9. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder reduced at its outer end and provided at its inner end with a compression chamber, of a hollow piston in said chamber provided with an extension operating in said reduced end of the cylinder, said extension being provided inside its end with a port which com- 10. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and a piston therein, of means for supplying a liquid hydro-carbon fuel to the cylinder, an inwardly opening valve carried by the piston for admittin air to the cylinder, said valve being provi ed with a hollow stem which opens through a radial passage onto the outer face of said valve and means for delivering a lubricant to said hollow stem.

11. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and its compression chamber, of a hollow piston in said cylinder, an inertia-operated air inlet valve carried by said piston for admitting air to the hollow piston and to the compression chamber, means for controlling the passage of air from the compression chamber to the cylinder, the inertia-operated valve being provided with an outwardly directed hollow stem which opens at its inner end through a radial passage onto the outer face of the valve and means for delivering a lubricant to said hollow stem.

12. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder reduced at its outer end and provided at its inner end with a compression chamber, of a hollow piston in said cylinder provided with an extension operating in said reduced end of the cylinder, said extension being provided inside its end with a port which communicates with'the cylinder at the end of the power stroke of the piston and the cylinder being provided with an exhaust port controlled by the piston, a ring screwthreaded into the outer end of the'piston extension, an inwardly opening, inertia operated valve engaging a seat formed on said ring and provided with a stem and a guide for said stem carried by said ring, said stein being hollow and opening at its inner end through radial openings onto the outer face of said valve and having means for supplying a lubricant thereto.

13. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder reduced at its outer end and provided at its inner end with a compression chamber, of a hollow piston in said cylinder provided with an extension operating in said reduced end of the cylinder, said extension being provided inside its end with a port which communicates with the cylinder at the end of the power stroke of the piston and the cylinder being provided with an exhaust port controlled by the piston, a ring screwthreaded into the outer end of the piston extension, an inwardly opening, inertia op erated valve engaging a seat formed on said ring and provided with a stem a guide for said stem carried by said ring, said stem being hollow and opening at its inner end through radial openings on the outer face of said valve, and means for supplying a lueeoaaae 'bricant through said hollow stem to the combination with a cylinder and its crank case, of a ported hollow pistonin said cylinder, a valve carried by the piston for admitting a fuel constituent through the hollow piston to thecrank case, and means cooperating with said valve for supplying a lllbIlcant to the interior of the hollow piston and through the port of said piston to the cyl1n der wall. 1 e Y 15. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and its compression chamber, of a hollow piston reciprocating in said cylinder, means for introducing a liquid fuel into said cylinder, a valve for admitting the supply of air through the hollow piston to the compres sion chamber and means for delivering a 1nbricant upon the outer side of said valve to be carried by the inwardly inrushing air to liquid to the outer side of said valve to be carried by the inrushing air to the interior of the piston.

17. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder and its compression chamber, of a hollow piston reciprocating in said cylinder, means for introducing a liquid fuel into said cylinder, a valve carried by the outer end of the piston for admitting the supply of air through the hollow piston to the compression chamber and provided with a hollow stem which opens through a radial passage to the outer side of said valve, a pipe in alinement with the hollow stem provided with two branches and valve controlled receptacles supplying said branches with a lubricant and a liquid hydrocarbon.

18. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinder, its crank case and a crank shaft, of a hollow piston in the cylinder, the wrist pin of which is connected by a connecting rod with the crank shaft, means for introducing a liquid fuel into said cylinder, a valve for admitting the supply of air through said hollow piston to said crank case and means cooperating with said valve for applying a lubricant directly to the piston wrist pin bearing,

19. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderfits crank case and a crank shaft, of 'a hollow piston in the cylinder, the wrist pin of which is connected by a connecting rod with the crank shaft, means for introducing a liquid fuel into said cylinder, a valve at the outer end of said piston for admitting the supply of air through the hollow piston to the crank case, means coiiperating with said its compression chamber, of an adjustable pump for introducing accurately measured charges of liquid-fuel into the cylinder, a hollow piston reciprocating in said cylinder and an inertia operated valve carried by the piston for admitting the supply of air through the hollow piston to said compres-,

sion chamber, said piston being provided with a port through which air under pressure from said compression chamber is do;

- livered to the cylinder at the end of the power stroke of the piston and the cylinder being provided with an exhaust port which is uncovered by the piston prior to the inlet of air to the cylinder'and the pump being timed to deliver charges of liquid 'fu'elto the cylinder subsequent to the closing of the exhaust port. L

21. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine provided with a compression chamher, a cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, an

inertia-operated valve carried by the piston and arranged to be opened at onceupon the initial out-stroke of the piston b which to control the passage of fuel constltuent to the compression chamber. and means for controlling the passage of the fuel constituent from the compression chamber to the cylinder.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing V as my invention I alfix my signature in the presence of two witnesses, this 13th day of ,July, A. D. 1909.

THADDEUS W. HEERMANS.

Witnesses;

W. L. HALL. WILLIAM GOLDBERGER. 

